Kursus AUDIO VIDEO DAN FOTOGRAFI

Kursus: AUDIO VIDEO DAN FOTOGRAFI
Kumpulan Sasaran: TERBUKA pada Kakitangan
Tarikh: 02/12/2008 - 03/12/2008
Tempat: DALAM PPUKM
Catatan: TARIKH TUTUP PERMOHONAN : 14.11.2008

Kursus ini adalah anjuran Unit Latihan. Permohonan boleh dibuat terus ke unit latihan melalui laman web berikut : http://jsm.hukm.ukm.my/sistem/ekursus/index.php
Permohonan adalah dari kalangan kakitangan sahaja.

How to Shoot Fireworks

How to Shoot Fireworks

Fireworks are simple to photograph. Fireworks are photographed by opening the camera's shutter over a period of several seconds to let the streamers "draw" lines on the film.
We open the camera shutter for a burst, and as the bright streamers fly through the sky, they draw the pretty effects you're used to seeing.

Here's how to do it:
1.) Turn off your flash.
2.) Set the lens to manual focus and set it to the ∞ mark.
3.) Put the camera on tripod. Use a cable release or remote control so you won't have to jiggle the camera.
If you don't use a tripod, the smooth streaks will become squiggles. If you want weird special effects, be my guest and wiggle the camera around to see what happens.
4.) If your camera has it, shoot on M or Manual exposure mode.
5.) Set the camera on "B" or "Bulb." When you press the shutter, the camera opens to light, and stays open until you remove your finger.
Some cameras have a "T" (time) setting, which instead stays open by itself and closes when you press the shutter a second time. This isn't as convenient.
If you have neither of these, set a long manual exposure of many seconds, and start the exposure the usual way. Use your hand in front of the lens to stop it. If you have no remote control or cable release, set a long exposure and use your hand or a hat to start and stop the exposure.
Check your camera's instructions if you can't find these settings. If you can't find them, for the USA, phone Nikon at (800) NIKON-UX for digital, (800) NIKON-US for film, and (800) OK-CANON for Canon.
6.) Shoot at the lowest ISO for the best results. Turn off ISO AUTO because it will try to set a high ISO in the dark. If you have no idea what ISO is, forget about it.
7.) Try an aperture of f/5.6 at ISO 50 and ISO 100, and f/8 at ISO 200 for starters. If you don't know what an aperture is, or your camera doesn't have this adjustment, don't worry.
8.) Open the shutter before the first burst. Hold it open several seconds, until one burst completes, or hold it open longer for several bursts.
As more bursts happen, they "draw" on you film or digital, and add together to look like they all happened at once. If you only open the shutter for one burst, you get one. If you hold it open for several consecutive bursts, you'll get a photo loaded with all of them.
9.) How's it look? Too dark? Open up to f/4. Too washed-out? Stop down to f/11. Try again until you get an exposure you like, at whatever aperture you need.
10.) The brightness of the burst depends only on ISO and the aperture (f/stop). They don't vary with the amount of time the shutter is open.
11.) The brightness of the sky, but not the bursts, varies also with the length of the exposure.
12.) For a bluer sky, try the Tungsten white balance setting. For more orange, try the cloudy or shade settings (see white balance for more).

Compact Cameras
Pocket digital cameras rarely have a Bulb setting. For these, use the long time exposure. Almost every Canon compact can make exposures as long as 15 seconds, and you don't need a cable release. Here's how:
1.) Set it to the icon of the camera with the M.
2.) Press FUNC SET
3.) Click down to +-0.
4.) Press MENU.
5.) Select as many seconds as you like.
(This will vary by camera, call Canon at (800) OK-CANON if you can't find your instructions. Other brands do this, too.)

No Manual Mode?
If you have no manual exposure mode, use the Aperture-Priority (A or Av) mode instead. Choose the aperture as above, press the shutter before the first burst, and use your hand to cover the lens if the camera stays open longer than you want it to.

Film or Digital
Film wins. Film easily can capture the huge range between bright streamers and the dark sky. Many digital cameras may lose the color in the streamers, while film won't. Newer digital cameras are better than older ones.

sumber : http://multiply.com/gi/angahzah:journal:95

Nikon D90 sudah keluar di pasaran

Nikon has announced the D90 and a new AF-S Zoom-Nikkor 18-105mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR

Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 27 August 2008 – Nikon Europe today announces another great step forward in its mid-class DX-format D-SLR range: the D90. As the world’s first D-SLR with movie function, this remarkable camera offers truly cinematic results, stunning image quality and innovative high-performance features inherited from Nikon's new-generation DX-format flagship D300. The D90 will open new doors for photography enthusiasts of any level.
With 12.3 megapixels, the newly-designed DX-format CMOS image sensor and Nikon's proprietary EXPEED image processing concept, the D90 is a quality-guarantee. Advanced features such as Live View, Scene Recognition, Active D-Lighting, Picture Control and an ISO sensitivity range of 200-3200 (ISO 6400 equivalent on Hi1 and ISO 100 equivalent on Lo1), allows creativity in almost any setting. And to ensure all these features are easy to use, they are packed in an ergonomic body with an intuitive operational layout. Toru Uematsu, Senior Manager Product Planning at Nikon Europe B.V says: "The D90's combines imaging technology inherited directly from our D300 and innovative features like Live View, D-Movie, Scene Recognition and Picture Control - once again confirming Nikon's leadership in cutting edge imaging technology. Add its innovative, high-performance features such as the CMOS image sensor, and the extremely wide ISO sensitivity range, we are convinced that this new camera will appeal to all passionate photographers looking
for the next step in creativity."

Stunning image quality
The D90's EXPEED technology has been optimised to realise the high-quality, high-speed image processing capability for which Nikon's professional D-SLRs are renowned. The D90 delivers images with extraordinary detail and expanded enlargement capacity, thanks to its improved DX-format CMOS image sensor and an effective 12.3 megapixels. The ISO sensitivity ranges from 200-3200 (ISO 6400 equivalent on Hi1 and ISO 100 equivalent on Lo1) providing low-noise images that are rich in detail and offer tonal gradation beyond expectation. It also enhances the performance of other powerful features such as Live View and the new Face Detection System. To address the issue of lost detail in high-contrast lighting situations, Active D-Lighting adjusts the contrast between images' light and dark areas by localising tone control as an image is captured. And for extra creativity, Picture Control allows you to customise the look and mood of your images by choosing from six settings, including new Portrait and Landscape modes.

A helping hand
First introduced on Nikon's D3 and D300 flagship cameras, the D90's Scene Recognition System uses a 420-pixel RGB sensor to analyse scene and colour information of the subject being photographed. Based on these readings, the camera optimises its focus, exposure and white balance just before the shutter is released. The D90 also recognises human faces to render up to five faces with newfound sharpness and accuracy and more natural skin tones in your images. In the camera's 11-point AutoFocus mode, it uses the subject's colour information to maintain a sharp focus as the subject moves in the frame. Once you've got the composition you want, the D90 incorporates image-editing functions that make it easy to enhance images within the camera. There are several new retouch options: "Distortion Control" adjusts lens aberration, "Straighten" corrects the inclination of the image, whilst "Fisheye" produces optical effects similar to that of a fisheye lens. There are also ample options for viewing and selecting the right shot, including 72-frame playback, calendar playback and histogram display for a magnified portion of the image.

Live and living
The D90 is the first mid-class D-SLR to offer a movie function, allowing you to capture creative movie clips in motion JPEG at superb quality levels. Compared to the average camcorder, the far larger image sensor on the D90 offers higher image quality, a shallow depth of field and exceptional ISO performance while recording in low-light conditions. NIKKOR's wide range of lenses offers great variety from fisheye to wide-angle to super-telephoto, adding more scope for creativity and emotional impact to your movies. Movies can even be played on the camera with sound, thanks to its uniquely powerful speaker / microphone system. The D90 has been designed with an eye-level pentaprism viewfinder, offering some 96% frame coverage. However, when looking through the viewfinder isn't practical, simply press the D90's Live View button and the 3-inch LCD with 170-degree viewing angle and approx. 920,000-dot LCD support your Live View shooting with three contrast-detect AF modes: Face Priority, Wide Area and Normal Area. When you're not sure which camera settings are appropriate, try the advanced scene modes like Active D-Lighting and Picture Control for beautiful, crisp images every time.

Get every shot
There are few things more annoying than a flat battery as you're about to capture that winning shot, so Nikon has made the D90's extremely efficient, allowing you to capture approximately 850 images on a single charge of the camera's battery. Accurate exposures rely on precise shutter release, so the D90's electronically timed shutter mechanism has been specifically engineered for long, accurate service and has undergone exhaustive 100,000 shutter-release cycle testing. For ever-ready shooting, the impressive 0.15-seconds start-up time, 65-millisecond shutter release time and its 4.5 fps means you won't lose that crucial shot. And with a thumbnail display of up to 72 images, Pictmotion slideshows with soundtrack, the option of image tagging through geotags with GPS, instant online upload to "my Picturetown" and HDMI-compatibility, sharing and organising your images has never been easier.